oracle安装

oracle 下载

Linux x86:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_LINUX_1of7.zip?aru=16720989&patch_file=p13390677_112040_LINUX_1of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_LINUX_2of7.zip?aru=16720989&patch_file=p13390677_112040_LINUX_2of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_LINUX_3of7.zip?aru=16720989&patch_file=p13390677_112040_LINUX_3of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_LINUX_4of7.zip?aru=16720989&patch_file=p13390677_112040_LINUX_4of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_LINUX_5of7.zip?aru=16720989&patch_file=p13390677_112040_LINUX_5of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_LINUX_6of7.zip?aru=16720989&patch_file=p13390677_112040_LINUX_6of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_LINUX_7of7.zip?aru=16720989&patch_file=p13390677_112040_LINUX_7of7.zip

Linux x86-x64:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_4of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_4of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_5of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_5of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_6of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_6of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_7of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_7of7.zip 

Windows x86:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_WINNT_1of6.zip?aru=16919969&patch_file=p13390677_112040_WINNT_1of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_WINNT_2of6.zip?aru=16919969&patch_file=p13390677_112040_WINNT_2of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_WINNT_3of6.zip?aru=16919969&patch_file=p13390677_112040_WINNT_3of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_WINNT_4of6.zip?aru=16919969&patch_file=p13390677_112040_WINNT_4of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_WINNT_5of6.zip?aru=16919969&patch_file=p13390677_112040_WINNT_5of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_WINNT_6of6.zip?aru=16919969&patch_file=p13390677_112040_WINNT_6of6.zip 

Windows x86-x64:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_1of7.zip?aru=16908159&patch_file=p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_1of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_2of7.zip?aru=16908159&patch_file=p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_2of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_3of7.zip?aru=16908159&patch_file=p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_3of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_4of7.zip?aru=16908159&patch_file=p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_4of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_5of7.zip?aru=16908159&patch_file=p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_5of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_6of7.zip?aru=16908159&patch_file=p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_6of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_7of7.zip?aru=16908159&patch_file=p13390677_112040_MSWIN-x86-64_7of7.zip 

AIX:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_1of7.zip?aru=16871915&patch_file=p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_1of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_2of7.zip?aru=16871915&patch_file=p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_2of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_3of7.zip?aru=16871915&patch_file=p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_3of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_4of7.zip?aru=16871915&patch_file=p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_4of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_5of7.zip?aru=16871915&patch_file=p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_5of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_6of7.zip?aru=16871915&patch_file=p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_6of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_7of7.zip?aru=16871915&patch_file=p13390677_112040_AIX64-5L_7of7.zip

HP IA64:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_1of7.zip?aru=16874776&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_1of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_2of7.zip?aru=16874776&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_2of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_3of7.zip?aru=16874776&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_3of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_4of7.zip?aru=16874776&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_4of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_5of7.zip?aru=16874776&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_5of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_6of7.zip?aru=16874776&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_6of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_7of7.zip?aru=16874776&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HPUX-IA64_7of7.zip 

HP PA-RISC 64:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HP64_1of6.zip?aru=17118763&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HP64_1of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HP64_2of6.zip?aru=17118763&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HP64_2of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HP64_3of6.zip?aru=17118763&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HP64_3of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HP64_4of6.zip?aru=17118763&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HP64_4of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HP64_5of6.zip?aru=17118763&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HP64_5of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_HP64_6of6.zip?aru=17118763&patch_file=p13390677_112040_HP64_6of6.zip

Solaris SPARC64:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_1of7.zip?aru=16733784&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_1of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_2of7.zip?aru=16733784&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_2of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_3of7.zip?aru=16733784&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_3of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_4of7.zip?aru=16733784&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_4of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_5of7.zip?aru=16733784&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_5of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_6of7.zip?aru=16733784&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_6of7.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_7of7.zip?aru=16733784&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS64_7of7.zip

Solaris SPARC32:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS_1of2.zip?aru=16733828&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS_1of2.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_SOLARIS_2of2.zip?aru=16733828&patch_file=p13390677_112040_SOLARIS_2of2.zip 

Solaris x64:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_1of6.zip?aru=16733872&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_1of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_2of6.zip?aru=16733872&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_2of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_3of6.zip?aru=16733872&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_3of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_4of6.zip?aru=16733872&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_4of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_5of6.zip?aru=16733872&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_5of6.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_6of6.zip?aru=16733872&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solaris86-64_6of6.zip 

Solaris x86:###

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solarisx86_1of2.zip?aru=16733875&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solarisx86_1of2.zip
https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Solarisx86_2of2.zip?aru=16733875&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Solarisx86_2of2.zip

一、前期准备

主机内存2G，硬盘50G即可。

二、Linux主机配置

使用XShell工具连接Linux主机root用户

1 主机名配置

如果安装时没有配置主机名，或者想要修改主机名，可以通过以下命令修改：

hostnamectl set-hostname orcl

2 网络配置

如果安装时没有配置网络，或者想要修改网络，可以通过以下命令修改：

nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.addresses 10.211.55.188/24 ipv4.gateway 10.211.55.1 ipv4.method manual autoconnect yes
nmcli connection up eth0

3 配置Hosts文件

根据上面配置好的主机名和IP，配置hosts文件：

cat <<EOF >>/etc/hosts
##OracleBegin##
##Public IP
10.211.55.188     orcl
##OracleEnd##
EOF

4 防火墙配置

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

5 Selinux配置

selinux修改后需要重启主机生效：

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

6 ISO镜像源配置

需要先挂载主机镜像

VMware Workstation挂载Linux镜像：

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
cat <<EOF>/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOF

7 安装Oracle依赖包

如下依赖包从Oracle官方文档推荐获取：

yum install -y bc \
binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libxcb \
libX11 \
libXau \
libXi \
libXtst \
libXrender \
libXrender-devel \
make \
net-tools \
nfs-utils \
smartmontools \
sysstat \
e2fsprogs \
e2fsprogs-libs \
fontconfig-devel \
expect \
unzip \
openssh-clients \
readline* \
psmisc --skip-broken

检查是否安装成功：

rpm -q bc binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libxcb libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libXrender libXrender-devel make net-tools nfs-utils smartmontools sysstat e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-libs fontconfig-devel expect unzip openssh-clients readline

Linux7需要手动安装compat-libstdc++依赖包：

rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm

8 配置ZeroConf

##关闭Zeroconf service的服务守护进程
systemctl stop avahi-daemon.socket
systemctl stop avahi-daemon.service
systemctl disable avahi-daemon.service
systemctl disable avahi-daemon.socket

##关闭NOZEROCONF
cat <<EOF >>/etc/sysconfig/network
#OracleBegin
NOZEROCONF=yes
#OracleEnd
EOF

9 关闭透明大页和numa

sed -i 's/quiet/quiet transparent_hugepage=never numa=off/' /etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

10 配置系统参数文件

##计算shmall和shmmax值
memTotal=$(grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo | awk '{print $2}')
totalMemory=$((memTotal / 2048))
shmall=$((memTotal / 4))
if [ $shmall -lt 2097152 ]; then
  shmall=2097152
fi
shmmax=$((memTotal * 1024 - 1))
if [ "$shmmax" -lt 4294967295 ]; then
  shmmax=4294967295
fi
echo $shmall
echo $shmmax

##配置系统参数
cat <<EOF >>/etc/sysctl.conf
#OracleBegin
##shmmal's Calculation formula: physical memory 8G：(8*1024*1024*1024)/4096=2097152
##shmmax's Calculation formula: physical memory 8G：(8/2)*1024*1024*1024 -1=4294967295
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = $shmall
kernel.shmmax = $shmmax
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
EOF

##系统参数生效
sysctl -p

11 配置系统资源限制

cat <<EOF >>/etc/security/limits.conf
#OracleBegin
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle hard memlock 134217728
oracle soft memlock 134217728
#OracleEnd
EOF

cat <<EOF >>/etc/pam.d/login
#OracleBegin
session required pam_limits.so 
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
#OracleEnd
EOF

12 创建用户和组

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle

13 创建Oracle安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /oradata
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oradata
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
chmod -R 775 /u01/app

14、配置用户环境变量

cat <<EOF >>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
################OracleBegin#########################
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=\$TMP
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=\$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=/usr/sbin:\$PATH
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:\$PATH
alias sas='sqlplus / as sysdba'
export PS1="[\`whoami\`@\`hostname\`:"'\$PWD]\$ '
EOF

三、Oracle软件安装

1 Oracle软件包上传

[root@orcl soft]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1395582860 May 31 16:56 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1151304589 May 31 16:56 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

2 解压Oracle软件安装包

需要按顺序解压1，2安装包：

cd /soft
unzip -q p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip -q p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

##授权/soft给oracle读写权限
chown -R oracle:oinstall /soft

3 安装VNC软件

yum install -y tigervnc*

su - oracle
vncserver
##输入密码

4 连接VNC远程工具或者直接打开虚拟机图形化界面

右键打开终端工具：

进入/soft/database开始安装Oracle软件：

./runInstaller -jreLoc /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0

不接收oracle更新：

不更新oracle：

只安装Oracle软件：

单实例安装：

选择企业版：

选择安装目录：

选择安装用户组：

Oracle安装前必要检查：

上传pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm依赖包，安装：

rpm -e ksh-20120801-142.el7.x86_64
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm

点击再次检查，忽略swap警告：

解决方案：

su - oracle
sed -i 's/^\(\s*\$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)\)\s*$/\1 -lnnz11/g' $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk

执行完点击retry重试：

执行root脚本：

root用户下执行脚本：

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh

安装完成后，重启主机。

四、创建数据库

1 打开监听

su - oracle
lsnrctl start
lsnrctl status

2 连接VNC远程工具或者直接打开虚拟机图形化界面

dbca

创建数据库：

选择自定义模式：

输入实例名：

这里填写数据库实例名称和dbname，本次填写orcl。

不安装EM工具。

这里输入SYS和SYSTEM用户的密码，需要记住。

这里选择前面建好的/oradata目录用来存放数据文件。

不开启闪回日志，不开启归档日志，可以建好库之后再手动修改。

数据库内存分配，选择手动分配，占用物理内存70%左右。

block_size根据实际情况选择，一旦建库无法修改，默认8K。

字符集根据需要进行选择，默认AL32UTF8。

等待建库完成即可。

五、连接数据库

确保监听正常启动，并监听数据库：

1 通过数据库主机连接

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
select sysdate from dual;

##创建数据库用户
create user test identified by test;
grant dba to test;
conn test/test

##创建表
create table test (id number not null,name varchar2(100));
insert into test values (1,'lucifer');
commit;

2 通过PL/SQL连接test用户

至此，Oracle数据库已经安装完毕。